Year 2 Term 1

i. phoneme /ai/

/ai/ as in nail

nail brain aim paint rain snail train wait

/ai/ as in cake

cake flame game late made same scales scrape

/ai/ as in baby

baby lady shady

/ai/ as in spray

spray crayon day play say away stay tray way

/ai/ as in great

great break

mixed /ai/ phoneme

cake paint snail spray flame great train play tray baby

i. phoneme /ee/

/ee/ as in tree

tree feet green need screen sleep speed street sweet feel

/ee/ as in beak

beak beach heat meal steam stream team seat

/ee/ as in swede

swede theme these complete delete

/ee/ as in thief

thief chief brief field grief shield shriek relief diesel belief

mixed /ee/ phoneme

meal feel team speed steam street field thief these

i. phoneme /igh/

/igh/ as in pie

pie lie die tie

/igh/ as in fly

fly my cry dry by fry sky try why reply

/igh/ as in kite

bike time like slide five white line quite dislike inside

/igh/ as in night

night high right sigh thigh tight

mixed /igh/ phoneme

blind crime wild pie tight thigh try kind slide

i. phoneme /oa/

/oa/ as in coat

coat coach coal coast boat float foam loaf road soap

/oa/ as in note

note home hope hole rose stone stroke woke pole

/oa/ as in window

window grow show slow throw flow yellow

/oa/ as in toe

toe hoe foe woe goes

/oo/ as in do

do to two who undo into

mixed /oa/ phoneme

float hope grow throw told stone coast coal stroke coach roll

i. phonemes /(y)oo/ /oo/

/(y)oo/ as in newt

newt few new dew stew

/(y)oo/ as in cube

cube compute fuse tube tune use

/oo/ as in screw

screw crew drew flew grew chew threw

/oo/ as in flute

flute crude brute June plume rude rule

/oo/ as in boot

boot too zoo cool food moon pool soon rooftop

/oo/ as in blue

blue clue glue true untrue

mixed /oo/ (food) phoneme

grew smooth brute blue threw tooth crude true

ii. Adding '-ing' and '-ed' to verbs

'-ing' for typical words

bending costing visiting twisting sulking standing singing resting

'-ed' for typical words

aimed asked lifted melted jumped growled looked puffed

'-ing' for words ending in e

hoping baking braking caring diving moving slicing writing

'-ed' for words ending in e

hoped lived moved dared dated amused bored used

-'ing' for single consonant ending

digging getting grinning hopping jogging planning swimming writing

'-ed' for single consonant ending

hopped nodded slammed stopped sunned preferred

'-ing' for words ending in y

crying drying frying tidying carrying

'-ed' for words ending in y

cried dried fried replied hurried denied

Year 2 Term 2

i. Compound words

High-frequency compound words

everyone everybody everything nowhere nobody anyone anywhere anybody someone something

Compound words

paintbrush birthday greenhouse downstairs football outside waterfall farmyard weekend dustbin earthquake inside

ii. Adding suffixes to form plurals

Add '-s' for typical nouns

beds boys cards chips dogs legs pins toys ears

Change y to i and add 'es'

babies ponies stories armies puppies cities families

ii. Adding suffixes to form adjectives

Add '-ful' to form adjective

peaceful hopeful powerful faithful beautiful harmful cheerful careful grateful useful

Add '-y' to form adjective

funny foggy spotty shady messy lucky greedy dirty tasty shiny

Add '-less' to form adjective

careless pointless aimless senseless restless effortless

Year 2 Term 3

i. 'un' and 'dis' prefixes

Use 'un-' to show negative

untidy untrue undo unsafe untwist unfair unwell unwanted

Use 'dis-' to show neagative

dislike disagree disappear disconnect disloyal distrust disease disorder

ii. Multisyllabic words

Multisyllabic words 1

unwanted truthful fanciful powerful cheerful another something however pretending colourful

Multisyllabic words 2

happily merciful uncertain disagree standing winning grandfather tomorrow together

Year 3 Term 1

i. '-le' endings

'-ckle' endings

buckle pickled tickles trickles

'-able' endings

table cable enable enjoyable unstable breakable

double letter + 'le'

apple bubble cuddle dribble middle little bottle

'-cle' endings

cycle uncle bicycle obstacle circle miracle

'-dle' endings

candle cradle bundle handle poodle ladle sidle

'-ble' endings

able double grumble trouble

'-ible' endings

sensible visible invisible impossible

'-ple' endings

simple example purple triple

ii. Verb endings

'-s' like most verbs

works looks starts needs plays cooks

'-ing' like most verbs

carpeting happening limiting targeting visiting

'-ed' like most verbs

jumped painted sailed shouted rested rained waited

'-s' verb ends in 1 consonant

trots flaps laps wags

'-ing' verb ends in 1 consonant

digging getting hopping rubbing swimming

'-ed' verb ends in 1 consonant

knitted nodded slammed grabbed hopped sunned

'-ies' verb ends in consonant 'y'

cries carries worries tries

'-ing' verb ends in consonant 'y'

carrying crying gratifying tidying

'-ied' verb ends in consonant 'y'

fried married worried cried dried hurried buried

'-s' verb ends in 'e'

tickles uses lives likes

'-ing' verb ends in 'e'

writing coming hoping caring moving

'-ed' verb ends in e

amused dared droned hoped moved lived

'-es' verb ends in hiss or buzz

washes searches watches fixes

'-ing' verb ends in hiss or buzz

stitching munching touching washing mixing

'-ed' verb ends in hiss or buzz

snatched perched switched reached crashed dressed flashed

irregular past tenses

grew caught went woke sang told taught blew spoke found did swam came said wept

Year 3 Term 2

i. Rules for plurals

add 's' like most nouns

twins dogs birds bones bricks apples toes

noun ends in a hiss or buzz

kisses brushes coaches boxes matches

noun ends in a vowel then 'y'

monkeys guys keys boys toys trays ways

noun ends in consonant then 'y'

babies cities daisies families pennies ponies puppies stories

ii. '-er' '-est' comparatives

comparatives '-er' typical

deeper higher longer older smaller taller

comparatives '-est' typical

deepest highest longest oldest smallest tallest

comparatives '-er' -e words

fiercer simpler whiter later larger

comparatives '-est' -e words

fiercest largest latest simplest whitest

comparatives '-er' short vowels

bigger hotter redder

comparatives '-est short vowels

biggest reddest hottest

comparatives '-er' -y words

easier funnier happier healthier

comparatives '-est' -y words

easiest funniest happiest healthiest

ii. '-ly' '-ful' '-less' '-able' suffixes

'-ly' suffixes

friendly lonely beastly cowardly motherly unfriendly bodily

'-ful' suffixes

armful hopeful colourful faithful mouthful powerful spoonful useful

'-less' suffixes

restless aimless careless pointless senseless breathless effortless

'-able' suffixes

enjoyable drinkable breakable acceptable comfortable renewable reasonable

'-er' as in builder

announcer builder cleaner composer defender farmer helper

Year 3 Term 3

i. Pronouns

subject pronouns I, she etc.

I you he she it we they

object pronouns me, him etc.

me you him her it us them

possessive pronouns mine etc.

mine yours hers ours theirs

reflexive pronouns myself etc.

myself yourself herself himself itself

possessive determiners my etc.

my your his her its our their

demonstratives

this that these those

ii. Common prefixes

'de-' undo

defrost decode decamp deforested dethrone

're-' do again

renew replace review rehouse replay

'pre-' before

prehistoric preschool prepacked precooked prefix

'mis-' do wrongly

mishap mislead misprint misspell mistimed mistreat misunderstood misuse

'non-' not

nonconformist nondescript nonentity nonplussed

'anti-' against

antiseptic anticlimax antidote antifreeze anticlockwise

'un-' as an opposite

uncertain unfair unfriendly unknown untidy untrue unwell unsafe uncertain unfair unfriendly unknown untidy untrue unwell unsafe

'dis-' as negative

disagree disappear disease dislike disconnect distrust disorder

prefixes for words ending in '-ed'

uncovered prepacked precooked deforested

ii. Add prefixes to existing words

add 'anti-' to make a new word

anti-rust anti-work anti-noise anti-wrinkle

add 'ex-' to make a new word

ex-boyfriend ex-convict ex-serviceman ex-king ex-parrot ex-egg

add 'pre-' to make a new word

pre-punched pre-Roman pre-book

add 'pro-' to make a new word

pro-British pro-hunting pro-fitness pro-cycling

Year 4 Term 1

i. Homophones

long phoneme /ai/

great grate rain reign rein wait weight weigh way

long phoneme /air/

bear bare pair pear their there stair stare

long phoneme /ee/

flea flee meat meet read reed peace piece

long phoneme /oa/

sew so lone loan road rowed

spellings of /ole/

hole whole soul sole hold holed bold bowled

long phoneme /or/

board bored for four saw sore

phoneme /n/

knot not knew new know no knight night

phoneme /r/

write right wring ring wrap rap

phoneme /s/

cereal serial licence license practice practise

vowel phonemes

some sum your you're wood would threw through piece peace

consonant phonemes

hole whole write right one won know no knew new where wear

3-way homophones

two too to their there they're

ii. Rules for plurals

simply add 's' to make a plural

animals balloons beds birds chips chiefs fireworks roofs

kiss > kisses

kisses brushes coaches boxes matches

half > halves

halves knives loaves shelves thieves wives wolves

baby > babies

babies cities daisies families pennies ponies puppies stories

monkey > monkeys

monkeys guys keys boys toys trays ways

hero > heroes

heroes dominoes echoes cargoes potatoes tomatoes volcanoes

kilo > kilos

kilos photos pianos radios solos videos

irregular plurals

children women feet geese teeth lice mice men sheep salmon

Year 4 Term 2

i. Words with common letter strings

sounds of 'igh'

light fight night right bright knight fright eight weight height

sounds of 'ough'

rough enough cough thought thorough through tough bough dough

sounds of 'ear'

bear hear wear spear learn fear earth

ii. Suffixes change function of words

to verbs ('-ate', '-en', '-ify', '-ise')

circulate vaccinate lengthen strengthen beautify glorify fossilise itemise idolise

to nouns ('-tion', 'ity', '-ness')

education creation subtraction reality activity generosity happiness kindness darkness readiness

ii. Change words adding '-ible', '-able'

'-ible'

terrible sensible accessible collapsible digestible flexible responsible reversible irresistible

'-able'

comfortable acceptable breakable disposable variable irreplaceable reasonable renewable

ii. Suffixes '-al', '-ary', '-ic', '-ist'

'-al'

electrical emotional magical industrial official personal usual rehearsal survival approval burial

'-ary'

documentary secondary stationary summary imaginary dispensary

'-ic'

artistic alcoholic athletic demonic historic magnetic metallic

'-ist'

guitarist pianist journalist soloist scientist cyclist florist chemist

Year 4 Term 3

i. Word contractions

we are > we're

we're you're they're I'm

he has, he is > he's

he's she's it's there's where's

we will, we shall > we'll

we'll they'll she'll it'll I'll

I have > I've

I've we've could've should've might've must've

you had, you would > you'd

you'd he'd I'd she'd they'd

do not > don't

don't can't isn't wasn't haven't won't shan't couldn't didn't

ii. Prefixes and meaning

'mis-' not, do wrongly

mishap mislead misprint misspell mistimed mistreat misunderstood misuse

'ex-' outside, out of

exit excluding excursion excavate except export extract

're-' again

renew replace review rehouse replay

'de-' undo

defrost decode decamp deforested dethrone

'pre-' before

prehistoric preschool prepacked precooked prefix

'un-' as undoing actions

unload unearth uncover undo untwist unwrap

'anti-' against

antiseptic anticlimax antidote antifreeze anticlockwise

ii. Latin (+ Greek) prefixes

'auto-' self

autograph automatic automobile autopilot

'circ- round, around

circumference circus circulate circle circular circumstance

'bi-' two, twice

bicycle binoculars binary biscuit

'tele-' far

television telegram telepathy telephone telescope

'trans-' across

transfer transatlantic transform translate transmit transparent transport

ii. Affixes for diminutives

'mini-' diminutive

minimum minibus

'-ette' diminutive

courgette cassette cigarette maisonette marionette serviette

'-ling' diminutive

gosling nestling seedling underling yearling

'micro-' little

microphone microscope microwave

'-let' diminutive

droplet booklet leaflet piglet ringlet starlet

'-ule' diminutive

globule capsule granule minuscule module molecule

ii. Prefixes for numbers

'uni-' one

unicorn uniform unique unit

'bi-', 'bin-' twice

binoculars binary bicycle biscuit

'tri-' three

tricycle triple trio tripod

'quad-' four

quadrilateral quadrant quadruplet

'pent-' five

pentagon pentathlon

'hex-' 'hept-' 'sept-' six, seven

hexagon heptagon September

'oct-' eight

October octagon octopus

'dec-' ten

decagon decimal decathlon December

'cent-' hundred

centurion centipede century

ii. Further Latin prefixes

'aqua-' water

aquarium aquamarine aqualung

'audi-' hear

audible audition audio-visual audience

'multi-' many

multitude multiple multipurpose multiply

'prim-' first

primary primate prime primitive

Year 5 Term 1

i. Unstressed letters

unstressed vowel

company portable poisonous interesting description carpet freedom extra

unstressed or silent consonants

Wednesday February engulf government handbag castle sign scent hour calf

ii. Spoken in different ways

sounds of 'ight'

right fight light night eight weight height freight straight

sounds of 'ear'

bear hear wear spear learn fear earth

sounds of 'oo'

foolish balloon wooden door floor shampoo cooperate childhood

sounds of 'ough'

rough enough cough thought thorough through tough bough dough

sounds of 'ie'

lie pie cries chief field thief friend tries

sounds of 'our'

four hour journey behaviour colour courtship fourteen encourage

sounds of 'ea'

already theatre area beach beautiful bread cleaner idea ocean reality

sounds of 'ou'

ground couple shouted route double adventurous should wounded

ii. Spelled differently but same sound

'-cian'

beautician electrician magician musician optician politician

'-sion'

confusion fusion precision profusion revision tension

'-tion'

fiction fraction connection addition proportion nation education

'-ssion'

mission compression confession discussion expression impression possession

Year 5 Term 2

i. Rules for 'c' followed by a vowel

'ci' sounds as /s/

circus cinema city circle decide acid citizen civil fanciful pencil council

'ci' sounds as /sh/

artificial conscience conscious crucial efficient official precious social special sufficient

words containing 'ce'

ceiling century cell December deceive decent parcel recent uncertain receive

words containing 'cy'

accuracy fancy bicycle cyclist piracy mercy

words containing 'ca'

camera candle local forecast delicate musical vocal carpet careless

words containing 'co'

coat cobweb coffee cough barcode record second

ii. Prefixes meaning 'not'

'in-' as negative

incredible inactive indignity inhuman insincere invalid

'im-' as negative

impossible impatient immortal immature imperfect impolite

'ir-' as negative

irregular irrelevant irreplaceable irresistible irresponsible irreversible irrational

'il-' as negative

illegal illegible illicit illogical

'non-' as negative

nonconformist nondescript nonentity nonplussed non-fiction

'anti-' as negative

antiseptic anticlimax anticlockwise antifreeze antidote antibiotic

Year 5 Term 3

i. Vowel suffixes

'-ing' dig > digging

digging getting hopping rubbing swimming

'-ing' with eye, -ie, -o, -oe

lying hoeing eyeing shoeing tying vetoing echoing radioing

'-ing' write > writing

writing coming hoping caring moving

'-ing', '-ly' carry >carrying

carrying crying gratifying shyly tidying

'-ed' grab > grabbed

grabbed hopped knitted slammed sunned nodded

'-ed' amuse > amused

amused dared dated droned hoped moved

'-ed' cry > cried

cried dried fried hurried married worried buried

hot > hotter > hottest

hotter hottest redder reddest bigger biggest

large > larger > largest

larger largest whiter whitest simpler simplest fiercer fiercest later latest

happy > happier > happiest

happier happiest funnier funniest easier easiest healthier healthiest

'-able' reason > reasonable

reasonable breakable drinkable enjoyable bookable acceptable

'-ish' fool > foolish

foolish darkish fiendish babyish greenish outlandish smallish

'-ous' joined with a vowel

courageous outrageous various mysterious furious ambiguous continuous superfluous

i. Consonant suffixes

'-ful' spoon > spoonful

spoonful armful bucketful cupful mouthful

'-ful' faith > faithful

faithful colourful careful harmful useful powerful truthful peaceful

'-ful' beauty > beautiful

beautiful merciful fanciful

'-ment' measure > measurement

measurement advertisement movement payment treatment development engagement

'-less' care > careless

careless airless breathless aimless countless effortless pointless

'-ly' bad > badly

badly quietly quickly silently suddenly slowly wrongly

'-ly' queen > queenly

queenly cowardly friendly motherly beastly

'-ly' brave > bravely

bravely lonely loudly quietly silently slowly suddenly

'-ly' happy > happily

happily bodily busily angrily easily hungrily noisily

'-ness' sad > sadness

sadness fitness goodness kindness sickness carelessness eagerness darkness

'-ness' busy > business

business happiness bossiness juiciness readiness

ii. Latin roots

'-aqua-' water

aquarium aquamarine aqueduct subaqua aqualung

'-port-' carry

portable import report support export transport

'-miss-' send

missile omission permission transmission commission missionary admission

'-ann-' year

anniversary annual annuity biennial perennial

'-cav-' hollow

excavate cave cavity concave

'-duc-' lead

aqueduct conductor duke introduce product deduct ductile education

'-fort-' strong

comfort effort force fortify fortress reinforce

'-mort-' death

murderous mortgage mortal mortify immortal

'-pend-' hang

pendant appendix depend independent pending suspense pendulum

'-scrib-' write

scribe inscribe scribble description postscript script nondescript

'-terr-' the earth

subterranean inter extraterrestrial terrace terrain terrier

'-vis-' see

invisible advice provide revision television videos survey envy

'mob' move

automobile mobile mobility

'prim-' first

primary primate prime primitive

ii. Greek roots

'hydro-' water

hydrofoil hydrogen dehydrated hydraulic hydrotherapy

'-phil-' love

philatelist philanthropist philosopher anglophile

'-photo-' light

photocopier photograph photogenic photon photosynthesis telephoto

'-techne-' art or skill

technician technology technophobia technical polytechnic pyrotechnics technique

'-graph-' writing

autograph paragraph photograph graphite geography graph

'-logo-' word

dialogue prologue biology illogical technology

'-scope' view

microscope periscope telescope scope stethoscope

'-gram-' letter

hologram diagram grammar programme anagram

'-phon-' sound

microphone telephone symphony cacophony phonetics

'-poli-' city

politician politics cosmopolitan metropolis

'-theo-' a god

theology atheist enthusiasm

'-zoo-' animal

zoo zoology zodiac protozoan

'-ast-' star

asteroid astronomy asterisk disaster astronaut

'-chron-' time

anachronism chronic chronicle synchronous chronology

'-bio-' life

amphibious biography biology antibiotic biosphere

Year 6 Term 1

i. Homophones

long phoneme /ai/

great grate rain reign rein wait weight weigh way

long phoneme /air/

bear bare pair pear their there stair stare

long phoneme /ee/

flea flee meat meet read reed peace piece

long phoneme /oa/

sew so lone loan road rowed

spellings of /ole/

hole whole soul sole hold holed bold bowled

long phoneme /or/

board bored for four saw sore

phoneme /n/

knot not knew new know no knight night

phoneme /r/

write right wring ring wrap rap

phoneme /s/

cereal serial licence license practice practise

consonant phonemes

hole whole write right one won know no knew new where wear

3-way homophones

two too to their there they're

other homophones

deer dear allowed aloud lessen lesson weather whether

i. Words often misspelled

are letters doubled? 1

occurred occurrence omission omitted reference referred

are letters doubled? 2

prefer preference preferred transfer transferable transferred

awkward words 1

journey leisure medicine people quarter vehicle water woman women yacht

awkward words 2

beautiful separate desperate embarrassed especially exaggerate interesting lovely opposite suppose

confusing homophones 1

check cheque canvas canvass currant current

confusing homophones 2

stationery stationary licence license principal principle practice practise formerly formally

words often confused 1

accept except advice advise loose lose quiet quite wander wonder were where

words often confused 2

human humane decease disease emigrant immigrant affect effect eligible illegible eminent imminent

i. Syllables and spelling

compound words

birthday dustbin handbag lipstick milkman notebook sunset windmill

split like kit-ten

kitten hidden cotton lesson paddock puffin rabbit sudden

split like bas-ket

basket napkin plastic pumpkin zebra panda picnic trumpet

split like lem-on

lemon finish habit body metal robin shadow visit

split like la-bel

label hotel minus moment pilot pupil secret silent stupid

split like du-et

duet diet lion poem triumph

i. Patterns in word endings

'-il' as in daffodil

daffodil council civil fossil lentil pencil stencil utensil

'-ery' as in jewellery

jewellery machinery stationery confectionery embroidery finery lottery

'-ar' as in cellar

cellar collar mortar sugar vinegar

'-ey' as in donkey

donkey chimney honey journey money monkey turkey valley

'-le' as in cradle

cradle cable ladle maple noble sidle table

'-le' as in ankle

ankle bundle candle handle grumble nimble simple single

'-le' as in apple

apple battle bottle bubble cuddle dribble gobble middle

'-el' as in angel

angel kennel label level model parcel quarrel travel

ii. Connectives

narrative connectives

before later until meanwhile finally

connectives to explain, contrast

because furthermore moreover however although besides instead however

compound word connectives

furthermore nevertheless meanwhile moreover notwithstanding however

Year 6 Term 2

i. Unstressed vowels

unstressed vowel

company portable poisonous interesting description carpet freedom extra

ii. Prefixes for negation

'un-' as negative

unfair unearth uncover unknown unsafe unwell unwrap unwanted unload uncertain undo

'de-' undo

defrost decode decamp deforested dethrone

'dis-' as negative

disagree disappear disease dislike disconnect distrust disorder

'anti-' against

antiseptic anticlimax antidote antifreeze anticlockwise

'non-' not

nonconformist nondescript nonentity nonplussed

'il-' as negative

illegal illegible illicit illogical

'ir-' as negative

irregular irrelevant irreplaceable irresistible irresponsible irreversible irrational

ii. Word to noun suffixes

'-tion'

collection decoration description information invention pollution election exploration explanation reflection variation

'-ness'

readiness fitness freshness goodness kindness happiness sickness bossiness business eagerness

'-ity'

ability activity agility generosity mobility reality flexibility

'-ant'

assistant immigrant servant informant attendant descendant inhabitant

'-er'

cleaner builder farmer painter speaker teacher worker

'-or'

actor editor narrator sailor sculptor visitor director

'-ance'

appearance performance attendance clearance disturbance allowance

'-ism'

mechanism criticism hypnotism idealism realism terrorism vandalism

'-ment' measure > measurement

measurement advertisement movement payment treatment development engagement

'-ist'

guitarist pianist journalist soloist scientist cyclist florist chemist

'-age'

postage coverage leakage passage blockage wastage

ii. Noun to verb suffixes

'-ise'

fossilise idolise itemise legalise patronise

'-ify'

beautify glorify mummify notify signify solidify

'-ate'

activate motivate vaccinate circulate

'-en'

lengthen strengthen

ii. Suffixes for tenses

present tense '-es'

goes does cries carries hurries tries worries

'-ed' grab > grabbed

grabbed hopped knitted slammed sunned nodded

'-ed' amuse > amused

amused dared dated droned hoped moved

'-ed' cry > cried

cried dried fried hurried married worried buried

'-ed' video > videoed

videoed echoed radioed vetoed

'-ing' write > writing

writing coming hoping caring moving

'-ing' carry > carrying

carrying tidying frying drying gratifying crying

'-ing' dig > digging

digging getting hopping rubbing swimming

'-ing' grin > grinning

grinning referring travelling dialling stirring winning planning beginning

'-ing' carpet > carpeting

carpeting happening limiting targeting visiting

'-ing' with eye, -ie, -o, -oe

lying hoeing eyeing shoeing tying vetoing echoing radioing

ii. Comparatives

high > higher

higher deeper longer older smaller taller younger

high > highest

highest oldest deepest fastest tallest longest smallest youngest

'-ish' fool > foolish

foolish darkish fiendish babyish greenish outlandish smallish

'-like' war > warlike

warlike childlike ghostlike lifelike sportsmanlike businesslike

Year 6 Term 3

i. Spelling patterns

'wr'

wreck wrap wren wrench wring wrist write wrong

'mb'

comb climb crumb lamb limb numb thumb tomb

'gue'

catalogue intrigue league plague rogue tongue vague

'tch'

catch hutch kitchen match pitch scratch stretch switch witch

'ctu'

picture structure punctuate actually manufacture nocturnal punctuation

'kn'

knife kneel knew knee knight knit knob knock knot

'gn'

gnome gnarled gnash gnat design reign sign

'rh'

rhea rhombus rhyme rhythm rhino rhubarb rhetorical

ii. Approaching roots

'bi-' two, twice

bicycle binoculars binary biscuit

'quad-' four

quadrilateral quadrant quadruplet

'super-' over

supervisor superimposed superlative supernatural supersede supersonic superstitious superfluous

'-spec-' see

perspective prospect suspect respect

'-tract-' pull

tractor attractive extract subtract subtraction

'micro-' little

microphone microscope microwave

ii. Investigate roots

'con-' together

concert concern condemn confront connect conquer contain continue

'-struct-' build

structure construction obstruct destruction instruct instructions infrastructure

'-phobia' fear

technophobia hydrophobic

'-ology' study

biology zoology mythology theology meteorology technology chronology

'pre-' before

predict prefer preserve preside presume pretend prevent

'audi-' hear

audible audition audio-visual audience

'aero-' air

aeroplane aerobatics aerobics aerodrome aerodynamic

'-port-' carry

portable import report support export transport

'ex-' outside, out of

exit excluding excursion excavate except export extract

ii. Practise roots

'-aqua-' water

aquarium aquamarine aqualung

'man-' hand

manufacture manicure manipulate manuscript management

'min-' small

minimum minibus minim minimises

'mari-' sea

submarine aquamarine ultramarine

'-multi-' many

multiply multiple multitude multimedia multipurpose multiplication

ii. Further roots

'-cede-' yield

precede precedent concede recede

'-clude-' close

include exclude conclude secluded

'-cred-' believe

incredible credible credit discredit

'-photo-' light

photocopier photograph photogenic photon photosynthesis telephoto

'-scrib-' write

scribe inscribe scribble description postscript script nondescript

'sub-' under

submarine subject subdue submerged subside subtract suburbs

'-vis-' sight

visible visual television visit advise supervisor invisible revise improvise

KS1 high frequency words

Early words

people words 1

we he me she

people words 2

my they you all

being words

is are am was can

doing words 1

like said go get went

doing words 2

look going play come see

where words

up on at to in

names

cat day dog mum dad

other words 1

and the of it

other words 2

for this away big no yes

'People' words

people words

her him our their them us your

'Being and doing' words

being words 1

be been were had has have will

being words 2

may must can't don't could would should

doing words 1

do did came got live made saw want

doing words 2

called lived put ran make seen take look

doing words 3

dig help jump laugh love push pull

'When and where' words

when words 1

next once then first last

when words 2

after again just now

where words 1

by down with here there

where words 2

about out off over from

Nouns (names of things)

nouns 1

house home school tree ball name

nouns 2

night time bed door way water

Words before nouns

words before nouns 1

an some these that one two three

words before nouns 2

another many more good little old

Other lists

joining-up words

as because but if or so than

other frequent words

not too very much back

question words

how what when where who

Numbers, days, months, colours

days of the week

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

months

January February March April May June July August September October November December

numbers 1 to 10

one two three four five six seven eight nine ten

numbers 11 to 20

eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty

colour words

blue red yellow green black white purple brown

Alphabetical lists

about to as

about after again an another as

back to boy

back ball be because bed been boy

brother to could

brother but by call called came can't could

did to first

did dig do don't door down first

from to has

from girl good got had half has

have to home

have help her here him his home

house to laugh

house how if jump just last laugh

little to many

little live lived love made make man many

may to next

May more much must name new next

night to one

night not now off old once one

or to pull

or our out over people push pull

put to sister

put ran saw school seen should sister

so to their

so some take than that their

them to time

them then there these three time

too to very

too took tree two us very

want to when

want water way were what when

where to your

where who will with would your

Yr R alphabetical

all to are

all am and are

at to can

at away big can

cat to dog

cat come dad day dog

for to he

for get go going he

in to look

in is it like look

me to of

me mum my no of

on to she

on play said see she

the to up

the they this to up

was to you

was we went yes you

KS2 medium frequency

Verbs

some useful verbs 1

began being does coming might show told walk walking write

some useful verbs 2

change found heard leave tries watch

verbs, adding '-ed'

asked jumped opened started turned used walked stopped

verbs, past and present

brought goes gone knew know think thought woke woken

verbs, contractions

can't didn't don't I'm

Nouns

some nouns 1

baby balloon birthday brother children clothes garden head word work world

some nouns 2

earth eyes father friends lady money mother paper sister window

Time words

time words 1

always before before during never often sometimes suddenly

time words 2

morning year today first second still until while

Whereabouts words

whereabouts words 1

above across along around below between high inside

whereabouts words 2

near outside round through together under where

Other useful words

useful words

almost any better every half much number only upon young

further useful words

great happy heard something sure swimming those

more useful words

place also both different following other right such without

yet more useful words

important light own small sound white whole why

Alphabetical lists

A

above across almost along also always animals any around asked

B

baby balloon before began being below better between birthday both brother brought

C to D

can't change children clothes coming didn't different does don't during

E to F

earth every eyes father first follow following found friends

G to H

garden goes gone great half happy head heard high

I to L

I'm important inside jumped knew know lady leave light

M to N

might money morning mother much near never number

O to R

often only opened other outside own paper place right round

S

second show sister small something sometimes sound started stopped such suddenly sure swimming

T

think those thought through today together told tries turn turned

U to white

under until upon used walk walked walking watch where while white

whole to Z

whole why window without woke woken word world write year young

KS3 subject lists

Art

forms of art

abstract frieze landscape perspective portrait sketch

tools and materials

acrylic charcoal colour easel palette kiln

talking about art

collection dimension display exhibition gallery spectrum

technique

collage crosshatch highlight illusion pastel impasto foreground

Design + Technology

food

carbohydrate flour hygiene ingredient knife knives natural nutrition protein recipe vitamin

textiles

fabric fibre linen polyester sew tension textile

designing

aesthetic brief design flowchart innovation portfolio specification technology

making

component disassemble evaluation machine manufacture mineral presentation production technology

Drama

the show

applause curtain entrance exit freeze perform performance theatre theatrical

presenting

character characteristics director lighting position rehearse rehearsal share spotlight stage movement

creating

dramatise improvise inspire playwright scene scenario script

English

the writer's craft

alliteration figurative imagery metaphor onomatopoeia personification rhyme synonym simile

structure of words

consonant plural prefix suffix vowel

grammar/punctuation

clause comma conjunction exclamation grammar paragraph preposition subordinate apostrophe

genres

advertise advertisement genre myth narrative narrator tabloid

talking about text

chorus atmosphere comparison dialogue expression playwright resolution scene soliloquy

Geography

maps

atlas contour country county globe latitude longitude

people

amenity employment habitat infrastructure nation national poverty tourist tourism wealth provision

places

abroad authority desert estuary international location region regional rural settlement urban

general terms

climate erosion function landscape physical pollution situation transport transportation weather

History

social

citizen civilisation disease emigration immigrant

economic

agriculture agricultural economy economic economical trade

religious

cathedral priest Protestant religious

government

colony colonisation dynasty constitutional government imperialism imperial independence parliament politics political reign republic

terms (general)

chronology chronological contradict contradiction current document motive propaganda bias source

conflict/warfare

castle conflict defence invasion rebel rebellion revolt revolution siege traitor

ICT

handling information

binary byte cursor data database delete document justify megabyte

equipment

cartridge CD-ROM computer disk electronic hardware memory modem monitor processor scanner module

interface

icon input interactive interface keyboard multimedia output password preview sensor

network

cable connect connection internet network server

software

graphic program software spreadsheet virus

Library

book types

anthology dictionary fantasy genre non-fiction magazine novel romance series thesaurus encyclopaedia

people

author editor librarian publisher

ordering/classification

alphabet alphabetical catalogue classification irrelevant irrelevance relevant relevance system

inside books

article content copyright extract glossary index section

Mathematics

operations

addition approximately average calculate divide division estimate guess multiply multiplication subtraction

arithmetic terms

denominator digit fraction minus negative numerator percentage positive ratio recurring decimal

triangles & angles

adjacent alternate angle degree perpendicular vertex vertical corresponding equilateral isosceles vertices

shapes

circumference diameter parallelogram perimeter quadrilateral triangle triangular square rhombus radius

measuring

centimetre kilogram kilometre litre measure metre tonne volume weight amount

geometry

axis axes horizontal parallel reflect reflection regular irregular rotate rotation symmetry symmetrical

algebra and graphs

co-ordinate equation graph

Music

performing

choir conductor instrument musician orchestra orchestral percussion synchronise syncopation tempo timbre

composing

composition dynamics harmony instrumental melody lyric octave ostinato pitch rhythm score ternary triad vocal

reading music

chord chromatic crotchet interval major minim minor quaver semibreve

PE

competition

athlete athletic field league pitch qualify relay squad tactic tournament

parts of body

biceps hamstring injury medicine mobile mobility muscle quadriceps triceps

exercise

active activity agile agility exercise gym gymnastic personal

PSHE

personal

approve approval control discipline discussion encourage encouragement gender involve involvement prefer preference pressure reality reward

relationship

communication dependent relationship represent representative

problem areas

addict addiction racism racist sanction sexism sexist stereotype dependency

qualities

able ability achieve achievement effort emotion emotional generous generosity

RE

religious

Buddhist Buddhism Christian creation Hindu Hinduism Islam Israel Judaism Jewish Muslim Sikh Sikhism

ceremony

baptism burial celebrate celebration ceremony festival funeral marriage wedding

practice

Bible commitment disciple hymn pilgrim pilgrimage pray prayer religious religion shrine spiritual synagogue temple mosque

symbols and signs

miracle prophet sign special spirit symbol

morality

biblical commandment immoral immorality moral morality parable prejudice

Science

experimental

apparatus chemical hazard laboratory method temperature thermometer vessel

other processes

combustion condensation evaporation exchange freeze friction pressure

material

acid alkaline element frequency liquid oxygen particles solution

life

amphibian insect mammal organism predator vertebrate

life processes

cycle digest digestion growth nutrient reproduce respire respiration circulate circulation function

KS3 words + helpful spellings

acco- To audi-

word list

accommodation actually alcohol although analyse analysis argument assessment atmosphere audible audience

practise although

also always although already almost

practise actually

actually normally officially originally usually

practise audible

audible incredible responsible sensible accessible collapsible digestible reversible visible

practise assessment

assessment necessary parallel possession interrupt embarrass

practise audience

audience conscience convenience obedience patience

autu- to choc-

word list

autumn business beautiful beginning believe beneath buried caught chocolate

practise caught

caught daughter taught naughty

practise autumn

autumn column solemn condemn hymn

practise beginning

grinning referring travelling dialling stirring winning planning beginning

practise buried

cried dried fried hurried married worried buried

practise beneath

because before behind below beneath beside between beyond

practise chocolate

chocolate separate desperate interesting poisonous definite deliberate

clim- to daug-

word list

climb column concentration conclusion conscience conscious consequence continuous creation daughter

practise climb

climb tomb crumb comb limb numb thumb

practise concentration

relation concentration illustration demonstration relegation dictation education isolation

practise conclusion

explosion decision division conclusion invasion persuasion collision

practise consequence

sequence evidence reference silence presence consequence difference

deci- to emba-

word list

decide decision definite design development diamond diary disappear disappoint embarrass

practise design

gnome gnarled gnash gnat design reign sign

practise development

measurement advertisement movement payment treatment development engagement

practise diary

diary diamond creation reaction violin biology

practise disappoint

disappear disappoint disease dislike disloyal disorder disprove

practise decision

decision acid cigarette cinder cinema city society pencil decide

ener- to fort-

word list

energy engagement enquire evaluation evidence explanation February fierce forty environment

practise energy

energy gym stingy strategy

practise evaluation

pollution relation completion demonstration illustration promotion relegation evaluation

practise fierce

fierce pierced pier cashier

practise enquire

enable encircle enforce engulf enlarge enrich encourage enquire

fulf- to indu-

word list

fulfil furthermore guard happened health height imaginary improvise industrial

practise health

bread breath dead deaf head health instead sweat wealth

practise height

eighty height sleigh weigh weight neigh neighbour

practise industrial

aerial material memorial radial terrestrial industrial

practise happened

happened listened loosened opened fastened frightened ripened

practise imaginary

dictionary library necessary ordinary temporary voluntary imaginary secondary

practise guard

biscuit build disguise guarantee guard guess guest guide guilty guitar

inte- to mean-

word list

interesting interrupt issue jealous knowledge lonely lovely marriage material meanwhile

practise issue

overdue tissue avenue rescue argue continue barbecue value

practise jealous

jealous breakfast measure treasure already deadly

practise lonely

closely bravely lonely safely extremely lovely rudely surely

misc- to part-

word list

miscellaneous mischief modern moreover murmur necessary nervous original parallel participation

practise miscellaneous

miscellaneous simultaneous spontaneous instantaneous

practise mischief

mischief belief relief diesel

practise modern

modern lantern eastern cavern concern pattern

practise murmur

burst murmur church curly turnip hurt

practise nervous

nervous famous continuous carnivorous

practise original

giant gin ginger magic origin original rigid

patt- to poss-

word list

pattern peaceful people performance permanent persuade persuasion physical possession

practise peaceful

faithful colourful peaceful careful harmful useful powerful truthful

practise people

people example couple multiple purple

practise performance

appearance performance attendance clearance disturbance allowance

practise persuade

persuade persuasion persuasive suede

practise physical '-y'

physical gym typical mystery myth sympathy system

practise physical '-ical'

physical chemical political typical electrical medical magical musical

pote- to rece-

word list

potential preparation prioritise process proportion proposition questionnaire queue reaction receive

practise potential

initial potential essential residential

practise process

process announcer decent deception licence recent

practise proposition

proposition position opposition imposition

refe- to sequ-

word list

reference relief remember research resources safety Saturday secondary separate sequence

practise relief

referee record relief remove request rearrange rehearse recollect

practise research

research early heard learn pearl search learning

practise resources

your resources pouring courtroom tourist downpour fourteen

shou- to sure-

word list

shoulder sincerely skilful soldier stomach straight strategy strength success surely

practise shoulder

shoulder boulder mouldy poultry

practise sincerely

Dear Madam faithfully sincerely truly Yours signature

practise stomach

anchor ache chemist Christmas echo scheme school stomach

practise surely

surely leisure measure exposure treasure pleasure

surp- to wome-

word list

surprise survey technique technology texture tomorrow unfortunately Wednesday weight weird women

practise surprise 'sur-'

surprise survey surface surgery surfer survivor

practise surprise '-ise'

surprise clockwise exercise revise televise

practise survey

survey grey prey

practise technology

technician technology technophobia technical polytechnic pyrotechnics technique

practise technique

technique antique unique

practise texture

moisture texture adventure departure capture mixture nature

practise weird

heir their weird

Homophones and confusions

homophones 1

sauce source sights sites too two threw through

homophones 2

aloud allowed braking breaking coarse course practice practise

confusions 1

advice advise brought bought affect effect choose chose to too

confusions 2

are our conscience conscious quiet quite

KS3 some spelling practice

Spelling: vowel choices

mixed /ai/ phoneme

cake paint snail spray flame great train play tray baby

mixed /igh/ phoneme

blind crime wild pie tight thigh try kind slide

mixed /oa/ phoneme

float hope grow throw told stone coast coal stroke coach roll

mixed /oo/ (food) phoneme

grew smooth brute blue threw tooth crude true

mixed /oy/ phoneme

boil annoy poison joint loyal soil employ toilet royal

mixed /ow/ (cow) phoneme

growl mouth now prowl cloud crowd ground sound

mixed /air/ phoneme

fairy wear there chair scare where stairs share bear

mixed /or/ phoneme

sport small launch chalk draw board door snore fourteen

mixed /er/ phoneme

search herb shirt burst burn girl perfect earth

mixed /oo/ (good) phoneme

cook push hood bush hook bull wooden full

Spelling: making plurals

'-s' cry > cries

cries carries dries hurries worries

baby > babies

babies cities daisies families pennies ponies puppies stories

monkey > monkeys

monkeys guys keys boys toys trays ways

half > halves

halves knives loaves shelves thieves wives wolves

roof > roofs

roofs chiefs chefs beliefs cliffs

kiss > kisses

kisses brushes coaches boxes matches

hero > heroes

heroes dominoes echoes cargoes potatoes tomatoes volcanoes

kilo > kilos

kilos photos pianos radios solos videos

Spelling: contractions

I have > I've

I've we've could've should've might've must've

you had, you would > you'd

you'd he'd I'd she'd they'd

do not > don't

don't can't isn't wasn't haven't won't shan't couldn't didn't

contractions

shouldn't o'clock they'd shan't they're they've I'm it's

Spelling: prefixes

'co-' together

coerce coexist cooperate

'a-'

asleep alike along around aside aloud awake across

'be-'

because before behind below beneath beside between beyond

'dis-' as negative

disagree disappear disease dislike disconnect distrust disorder

'fore-'

forecast forefinger foreground forehead foreman foresee forewarn forecourt

'pre-' before

prehistoric preschool prepacked precooked prefix

're-' do again

renew replace review rehouse replay

'un-' as an opposite

uncertain unfair unfriendly unknown untidy untrue unwell unsafe uncertain unfair unfriendly unknown untidy untrue unwell unsafe

'ex-' out of

exit excluding excursion excavate except export extract

'for-'

forget forsake forgive forbidden

'im-' without

immediate immense immune immaculate imbalance impede

'per-' through

perforation perfume permit permanent perspire persuade performance persuasion

Spelling: suffixes

hot > hotter > hottest

hotter hottest redder reddest bigger biggest

large > larger > largest

larger largest whiter whitest simpler simplest fiercer fiercest later latest

happy > happier > happiest

happier happiest funnier funniest easier easiest healthier healthiest

'-ful' spoon > spoonful

spoonful armful bucketful cupful mouthful

'-less' care > careless

careless airless breathless aimless countless effortless pointless

'-ness' sad > sadness

sadness fitness goodness kindness sickness carelessness eagerness darkness

'-tion' collect > collection

collection connection election invention suggestion exhibition

'-tion' illustrate > illustration

illustration completion demonstration relation relegation promotion pollution evaluation

'-ence'

sequence evidence reference silence presence consequence difference

'-ent'

excellent independent different urgent absorbent persistent

'-ible'

incredible responsible sensible accessible collapsible digestible reversible visible

'-ous' danger >dangerous

dangerous bulbous poisonous murderous thunderous

Spelling: suffixes for tenses

'-ing' grin > grinning

grinning referring travelling dialling stirring winning planning beginning

'-ing' carpet > carpeting

carpeting happening limiting targeting visiting

'-ing' with eye, -ie, -o, -oe

lying hoeing eyeing shoeing tying vetoing echoing radioing

'-ed' grab > grabbed

grabbed hopped knitted slammed sunned nodded

'-ed' amuse > amused

amused dared dated droned hoped moved

'-ed' cry > cried

cried dried fried hurried married worried buried

'-ed' video > videoed

videoed echoed radioed vetoed

Main Word Lists
DfE National Curriculum 2014 Lists
Phonics - Letters & Sounds Word Lists